The article offers information on a research conducted on the incidence of childhood acute leukemia (AL), who were diagnosed and treated in public hospitals in Mexico City. It states that there are several indicators for the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), including long and healthy life, education level and standard of living. It presents a chart on the average annual incidence of AL, where the higher the level of socioeconomic, the higher the incidence of AL were observed.