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Academic Journal
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Ruder AV; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Wetzels SMW; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Temmerman L; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Biessen EAL; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Goossens P; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands. -
Cardiovascular research [Cardiovasc Res] 2023 Sep 05; Vol. 119 (11), pp. 2033-2045.
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English
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Monocytes circulate the vasculature at steady state and are recruited to sites of inflammation where they differentiate into macrophages (MФ) to replenish tissue-resident MФ populations and engage in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Monocytes display considerable heterogeneity, currently reflected by a nomenclature based on their expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 14 and CD16, distinguishing CD14++CD16- classical (cMo), CD14++CD16+ intermediate (intMo) and CD14+CD16++ non-classical (ncMo) monocytes. Several reports point to shifted subset distributions in the context of CVD, with significant association of intMo numbers with atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. However, clear indications of their causal involvement as well as their predictive value for CVD are lacking. As recent high-parameter cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) studies suggest an even higher degree of heterogeneity, better understanding of the functionalities of these subsets is pivotal. Considering their high heterogeneity, surprisingly little is known about functional differences between MФ originating from monocytes belonging to different subsets, and implications thereof for CVD pathogenesis. This paper provides an overview of recent findings on monocyte heterogeneity in the context of homeostasis and disease as well as functional differences between the subsets and their potential to differentiate into MФ, focusing on their role in vessels and the heart. The emerging paradigm of monocyte heterogeneity transcending the current tripartite subset division argues for an updated nomenclature and functional studies to substantiate marker-based subdivision and to clarify subset-specific implications for CVD.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: None declared.
(© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.)
Additional Information
Publisher: Oxford Journals Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0077427 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1755-3245 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00086363 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cardiovasc Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Publication: 2008- : Oxford : Oxford Journals
Original Publication: London, British Medical Assn.
Original Publication: London, British Medical Assn.
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Sci Rep. 2016 Dec 19;6:39483. (PMID: 27991581)
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Mediators Inflamm. 2012;2012:616384. (PMID: 23226928)
Nat Immunol. 2002 Dec;3(12):1135-41. (PMID: 12415265)
Atherosclerosis. 2017 Nov;266:95-102. (PMID: 29017104)
Atherosclerosis. 2018 Feb;269:245-251. (PMID: 29407600)
J Exp Med. 2017 Jul 3;214(7):1913-1923. (PMID: 28606987)
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Nat Rev Immunol. 2017 Jun;17(6):349-362. (PMID: 28436425)
Cardiovasc Res. 2019 May 1;115(6):1029-1040. (PMID: 30520941)
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2017 Dec 19;4:80. (PMID: 29312957)
Immunity. 2018 Oct 16;49(4):595-613. (PMID: 30332628)
J Exp Med. 2007 Jan 22;204(1):171-80. (PMID: 17190836)
J Immunol Res. 2016;2016:1475435. (PMID: 27478854)
Physiol Genomics. 2008 Aug 15;34(3):304-14. (PMID: 18544662)
J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2019 Feb;127:260-269. (PMID: 30629987)
J Leukoc Biol. 2007 Mar;81(3):584-92. (PMID: 17135573)
Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 May;95(18):e3466. (PMID: 27149446)
Nature. 2013 Apr 25;496(7446):445-55. (PMID: 23619691)
Age Ageing. 2017 May 1;46(3):433-438. (PMID: 27932363)
Immunology. 1996 Jan;87(1):162-7. (PMID: 8666430)
Blood. 2010 Jan 21;115(3):e10-9. (PMID: 19965649)
Immunity. 2014 Jan 16;40(1):91-104. (PMID: 24439267)
Nat Commun. 2019 Sep 3;10(1):3964. (PMID: 31481690)
Annu Rev Immunol. 2009;27:669-92. (PMID: 19132917)
Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 29;6:20038. (PMID: 26821597)
Transl Res. 2018 Jan;191:15-28. (PMID: 29106912)
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2017 Aug;37(8):1548-1558. (PMID: 28596372)
Thromb Haemost. 2019 Aug;119(8):1237-1246. (PMID: 31242520)
Blood. 2011 Sep 22;118(12):e50-61. (PMID: 21803849)
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Feb 17;8:640124. (PMID: 33681309)
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009 Oct;29(10):1412-8. (PMID: 19759373)
Immunity. 2013 Nov 14;39(5):925-38. (PMID: 24184057)
Cytometry A. 2012 Oct;81(10):823-34. (PMID: 22837127)
Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular; Heterogeneity; Inflammation; Monocytes
0 (Receptors, IgG)
0 (Lipopolysaccharide Receptors)
0 (Lipopolysaccharide Receptors)
Date Created: 20230510 Date Completed: 20230906 Latest Revision: 20230912
20230913
PMC10478755
10.1093/cvr/cvad069
37161473